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Following nearly five decades of internal divisions and political splits, Iran’s opposition movements are making unprecedented efforts to unite in the wake of January’s mass protests and ongoing demonstrations within the country. These unification attempts gained significant momentum after February 28, when a joint U.S.-Israeli preemptive attack eliminated Iran’s highest-ranking political and military officials, including the supreme leader, dramatically reshaping the opposition environment both domestically and internationally.

Recent developments have sparked new hope among opposition circles. Several major Iranian Kurdish political organizations have successfully merged their operations, while republican factions held a private gathering in London called the “Congress for Freedom in Iran” to explore greater cooperation. Though traditional leftist parties with nearly seven decades of history have not yet created a unified coalition, younger progressive activists recently exiled from Iran have established the “Inclusive Alliance of the Revolutionary Left.” This new organization, founded by prominent student movement leaders who fled Iran in recent years or months, represents a fresh approach to overcoming generational divisions within leftist circles.

In a surprising diplomatic move, Reza Pahlavi, the prominent figure among monarchist and right-wing supporters, recently held discussions with progressive intellectuals in Paris. The meeting included distinguished Iranian thinkers such as Dariush Ashouri, a founding member of the Iranian Writers’ Association. This organization historically faced persecution under both the monarchy, when SAVAK repeatedly jailed its members and banned their publications, and later under the Islamic Republic, which executed or assassinated several members.

Also present at the Paris gathering was Chahla Chafiq, an Iranian author and sociologist living in exile who has written extensively critiquing political Islam and Islamic totalitarianism. Some Pahlavi allies characterized the meeting as an attempt to gain leftist intellectual support. However, controversy arose due to the attendance of Yasmine Pahlavi, his spouse, whom critics associate with the phrase “Death to the three corrupt ones: the mullah, the leftist, and the mojahed.” Many leftist activists viewed this slogan as directly targeting them, especially given widespread public rejection of clerical rule and the unpopularity of the People’s Mojahedin Organization of Iran (MEK) among broad segments of Iranian society.

The Paris meeting generated significant criticism. Some opponents accused the participating intellectuals of aligning with Pahlavi’s dominant political movement, drawing parallels to 1979 when intellectuals were marginalized amid mass support for Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. Pahlavi has pursued alliance-building not through established political parties but by engaging influential individuals, particularly prominent social media personalities and celebrities. During the “Woman, Life, Freedom” demonstrations, he departed from an earlier coalition with moderate and progressive figures, while his inner circle has since promoted the message “One country, one flag, one leader.”

Political analysts argue that any alliance excluding Iran’s diverse ethnic populations and the broad range of political and social movements within the 95 million Iranian population, both inside and outside the country, will likely fail to achieve meaningful ground-level impact.

Fariba Balouch, a political activist advocating for Iran’s Balouch community rights, maintains that including historically marginalized ethnic groups in a broad coalition would increase public participation in revolutionary change.

In an interview with The Media Line, she emphasized that opposition unity is crucial for removing the Islamic Republic but must be founded on genuine acceptance of Iran’s diversity. “In the decisive circumstances we are facing today, unity is a necessity for the overthrow of the Islamic Republic. However, such unity will only be effective if it is built on the genuine acceptance of the diversity and plurality that exist within Iran.”

She characterized Iran as a nation of marginalized ethnic, religious, and linguistic communities, stressing that excluded groups must be fully represented in any unified movement. “Iran is a country of multiple nationalities, cultures, religions, and languages, many of which have had their voices ignored or suppressed in recent decades. The Balouch people, who have faced structural discrimination throughout these years, must find their rightful place within this unity in order to secure their rights.”

Balouch emphasized her support for partnerships based on equality and substantive power-sharing rather than superficial leadership changes. “We support any alliance that is founded on justice, equality, and the meaningful participation of nationalities in power, an alliance whose aim is not merely to replace figures, but to transform the fundamental structures of power.”

The collaborative efforts among major Iranian Kurdish parties, many of which have conducted armed resistance against the Islamic Republic, have received widespread approval. However, Reza Pahlavi issued a statement warning against “separatism” and implicitly threatening Kurdish parties with military action, drawing strong negative reactions. Kurdish organizations responded critically, claiming the former crown prince was using the “worn-out baton of separatism accusations” to silence them, similar to the Islamic Republic’s tactics. This exchange appears to have widened the gap between Pahlavi and Kurdish groups, many of which say they seek autonomy arrangements similar to Switzerland’s federal system rather than independence.

Meanwhile, independent organizations, including supporters of the Woman, Life, Freedom movement within Iran, are working to establish a new coalition.

Shirin Shams, a leader of the Women’s Revolution Collective, told The Media Line the initiative directly responds to activists inside the country demanding a democratic, pluralistic alternative. “We are building an organized and inclusive network that will create an active and effective connection between forces inside and outside Iran.”

She indicated a formal announcement is approaching and described the initiative as both an opposition alliance and a transitional framework. “Our goal is to generate synergy and unity among all forces committed to the Woman, Life, Freedom movement in order to overthrow the Islamic Republic and prepare a political alternative for the transitional period, one that is distinct and rooted in Iranian society.”

January’s protests demonstrated that despite millions taking to the streets, the lack of organized leadership made it nearly impossible to challenge a state prepared to deploy armored forces without suffering massive casualties and social chaos. Currently, as opposition forces view the Islamic Republic as being in its most vulnerable state since 1979, unity and coalition-building efforts have accelerated—a perception strengthened by the February 28 targeted strike that eliminated much of the regime’s leadership and created uncertainty about succession and command structure.

Within the country, the opposition includes notable figures such as Nobel Prize winner Narges Mohammadi, along with intellectuals representing leftist, centrist, and nationalist perspectives. Most are either imprisoned or effectively held captive by the state. Nevertheless, student organizations, women’s rights advocates, labor organizers, teachers’ councils, and retirees’ associations continue coordinating strikes and protests and may play a crucial role at a pivotal moment.

In Ilam, a student named Farzaneh suggested that the visible presence of competing political visions could prevent a new power monopoly after the regime’s collapse. A diverse opposition, she argued, would prevent the revolutionary process from consolidating under one dominant voice.

“It can first offer practical strategies for struggle,” she explains, “at the same time, ensure that power is not monopolized by one specific group after the fall of the Islamic Republic. It can also reduce public despair and disengagement if the revolutionary process becomes prolonged, because a range of options rooted in different political tendencies and supported by various groups and movements can lead to meaningful participation by the entire population.”

For years, the Islamic Republic and its intelligence apparatus have worked to penetrate opposition movements inside and outside the country to spread mistrust and create divisions. A unified coalition—or multiple coordinated coalitions—across ideological boundaries could therefore pose a strategic challenge to the regime. The regime’s Ministry of Intelligence has repeatedly claimed infiltration among opposition groups to prevent unity. Some of these operations have reportedly involved discrediting activists by impersonating members of rival factions. Recently, Majid Khadami, head of the IRGC Intelligence Organization, stated that “internal disagreements among traditional anti-regime groups over the timing and leadership of unrest, and the refusal to accept monarchists’ centrality,” were among the reasons the January protests did not lead to the regime’s overthrow. He added that IRGC intelligence has intensified efforts through “infiltrators” to disrupt the planners and executors of what he described as combined operations against the regime.

Although the Islamic Republic’s intelligence agencies—echoing the late Ali Khamenei—have blamed the January uprising on foreign powers such as the United States and Israel, even regime-affiliated figures have acknowledged that accumulated public grievances were the main cause. Mohammadreza Javadi Yeganeh, a former member of the Government Information Council, wrote on X that the “continuation of political obstruction” in response to public demands is concerning. Sociologist Ahmad Bokharaei told Eghtesad News that following the violent suppression of the uprising, many young people have become fearless and that anger has “transformed into resentment.”

In this environment, coordinated action among opposition parties, after nearly half a century of fragmentation, could provide new energy to protest movements that have resurged in public spaces, especially in universities. Despite harsh repression, the regime appears increasingly challenged in its attempts to suppress dissent.

Kuwait International Airport came under drone attack Saturday, leaving multiple airport workers with minor injuries and causing damage to one of its main terminals, according to Kuwait’s aviation authority.

The Directorate General of Civil Aviation reported that the unmanned aircraft struck Terminal 1, prompting immediate emergency response protocols. Abdullah Al-Rajhi, speaking for the aviation directorate, confirmed that authorities quickly secured the area following the incident.

“Assessment, repair, and restructuring of operations are currently underway, adhering to the highest safety standards,” Al-Rajhi stated.

Meanwhile, drone attacks also struck Bahrain, with one unmanned aircraft hitting a residential structure in Manama, the nation’s capital. A second drone went down in Bahrain’s eastern region.

Warning sirens blared throughout Bahrain and other Gulf nations, with Oman being the sole exception to experience the alerts.

The Iranian assault extended to Saudi Arabia as well, with missiles and drones striking both Riyadh, the Saudi capital, and the country’s Eastern Province.

Regional and world leaders have strongly criticized the attacks. Gulf state officials have been communicating with each other in recent hours to voice their unified opposition to Iran’s military actions.

Currency markets experienced significant volatility Monday as investors sought safer financial havens amid escalating military conflict in the Middle East that has disrupted global energy supplies.

The U.S. dollar strengthened while the euro weakened after joint American and Israeli military operations in Iran resulted in the death of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, creating political uncertainty and heightening fears of extended regional warfare.

The Swiss franc, traditionally viewed as a safe investment during times of crisis, increased approximately 0.2% against the dollar and surged 0.6% versus the euro to reach its highest point since 2015 at 0.9030 during early Asian trading hours.

Meanwhile, the euro declined 0.3% to $1.1781, and the Japanese yen showed mixed performance, ultimately trading slightly lower at 156.32 against the dollar due to Japan’s heavy reliance on oil imports.

Other currencies tied to energy-importing nations also suffered losses, with the British pound and Australian dollar each dropping more than 0.5%, while China’s yuan fell about 0.2% in offshore markets given China’s status as Iran’s primary oil customer.

BNZ strategist Jason Wong in Wellington expressed uncertainty about the conflict’s duration and economic impact. “You don’t know how long this is going to last, how high oil is going to go, how long the Strait of Hormuz is going to be closed,” Wong stated. “The initial reaction is mild risk off, and you’ve just got to take each day as it comes.”

Israeli military officials confirmed their air force successfully eliminated the 86-year-old Khamenei, with Iranian state media acknowledging his death and triggering a critical leadership succession process.

Combat operations continued through Sunday, with Iran retaliating against the attacks. The Iranian Revolutionary Guard reported strikes against three American and British oil tankers, while explosions were documented in Dubai and Doha.

Energy markets responded immediately to the disruption, with oil prices jumping approximately 9% during early Monday trading as seaborne transportation faced significant interference.

Currencies from oil-exporting countries like Canada and Norway remained relatively stable during early Asian market hours, while the risk-sensitive Australian dollar dropped 0.7% to $0.7065. Market analysts anticipate energy-importing nations will face the most sustained economic pressure.

Wells Fargo analysts highlighted particular concerns for European markets in a research note. “The euro is in a difficult spot,” the analysts wrote. “Europe’s natural gas storage refill season is about to begin and the EU is heading into it with record-low gas in storage, implying it will need to buy a large chunk of energy right as prices potentially shoot higher.”

Israeli military spokesperson Lieutenant Colonel Nadav Shoshani indicated numerous targets remain but ruled out deploying ground troops. President Donald Trump suggested to the Daily Mail that military operations could continue for approximately one month. “We figured it will be four weeks or so. It’s always been about a four-week process,” Trump said.

Shipping data from Sunday revealed the conflict’s impact on maritime trade, with at least 150 vessels carrying crude oil and liquefied natural gas anchored in open Gulf waters beyond the Strait of Hormuz, while dozens more remained stationary on the opposite side of the critical shipping passage.

As tensions escalate between Israel and the United States against Iran, Syria finds itself at a crossroads, potentially moving away from years of Iranian dominance in the region.

The war-torn nation now presents a dramatically different landscape compared to previous years of conflict. Syria’s emerging political leadership is working to reshape the country’s regional relationships, influenced by widespread public resentment over Iran’s involvement in the Syrian civil war.

A recent declaration from Syria’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates signals this transformation in official policy. The statement, reviewed by The Media Line, criticized Iranian strikes against multiple Arab nations and expressed Damascus’s support for these countries, opposing any threats to their independence and safety.

Political experts note this represents a significant shift from the previous era, when Syrian foreign policy closely mirrored Tehran’s interests under Bashar Assad’s leadership. The change reflects Syria’s intention to distance itself from alliance-based politics and rebuild relationships with Arab neighbors and the broader region.

Understanding current Syrian perspectives requires examining Iran’s deep involvement in the country during the early stages of the war. Tehran provided direct military and security support, backing the former government, deploying advisors and fighters, and supporting various armed factions.

This involvement created lasting impacts on Syrian communities, especially among citizens who consider Iran a key participant in military campaigns that struck urban areas, neighborhoods, and civilian zones. These experiences fostered widespread anti-Iranian sentiment that intensified as civilian casualties continued rising.

After the former regime’s downfall, Syria experienced a gradual pullback of Iranian-affiliated forces and organizations as part of new political and security frameworks designed to minimize foreign interference and reconstruct government institutions.

Many Syrians view this withdrawal as the start of a fresh era, particularly as discussions grow about rebalancing international relationships and abandoning the rigid alliances that defined the earlier period.

Widespread Syrian relief regarding strikes against Iran comes as no surprise. Many citizens believe current events extend beyond immediate military conflict and connect directly to wartime memories and traumatic personal experiences.

Hussein Al-Saeed, an Aleppo resident, shared with The Media Line that today’s developments “carries symbolic meaning for many Syrians, because they feel that a party that was part of their suffering is now facing major challenges. This gives them a sense that times are changing and that the region may be entering a new phase.” He clarified that these feelings don’t stem from wanting war itself, but rather from hoping for reduced foreign interference that burdened the nation for years.

Damascus journalist Shireen Al-Masri explained to The Media Line that public sentiment remains complicated but leans toward believing “what is happening today may ease the intensity of the conflicts that have affected Syria.” She noted that many aren’t celebrating warfare, but think regional rebalancing could benefit Syria internally. This perspective also connects to widespread desires for stability and rebuilding, and moving beyond the divisions that have blocked political or economic advancement.

In Idlib, activist Iyad Aref told The Media Line that community reactions directly tie to memories of blockades and bombing campaigns. Local residents believe “a decline in Iranian influence in the region may reduce the chances of repeating scenarios of military intervention in other countries.” He added that many Syrians interpret these developments as part of a wider struggle for Middle Eastern influence, not simply a conflict between two nations or two alliances.

From the south, young resident Ayham Mahmoud told The Media Line that his generation matured during warfare and foreign interventions, therefore viewing current events as a chance to alter established patterns. He emphasized that “the joy is not about the war itself, but about the possibility of ending a phase in which Syrians were an open arena for conflict,” adding that many hope this will reduce security and military pressures on the region.

In Qamishli, a humanitarian worker who requested anonymity indicated that public attitudes also carry a humanitarian aspect. Some Syrians feel that “any retreat in the influence of forces that participated in the war may help turn the page on the past.” However, she stressed that most people want stability above everything else, and that citizens simultaneously worry about expanding regional conflicts and their effects on the entire area.

Well-known Syrian activist Hadi Al-Abdullah expressed a much more intense reaction, connecting reports of Iranian leadership deaths to Syrians’ wartime losses. “The Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei has been transferred, and his body is being pulled out from under the rubble. This reminds me of the days when we used to pull the bodies of our children from under the rubble—our children whom the Iranians killed, whom Ali Khamenei, the head of evil, the head of crime, the head of injustice, sent. He has been killed along with a group of Iranian officials. These criminals have deeply shed the blood of the Syrians, Iraqis, Lebanese, and Yemenis, and they have shed the blood of Arabs and Muslims. I am very happy about the killing of the criminals, and I cannot hide my joy.”

Despite these popular feelings among certain groups, Syria’s new leadership maintains careful and measured official messaging centered on sovereignty principles and non-interference, advocating for diplomatic resolutions while showing awareness of the delicate current situation. Damascus recognizes that direct participation in polarizing conflicts could create new pressures when it’s working to establish internal stability, rebuild the economy, and secure international backing.

Political analysts suggest the divide between government statements and public opinion represents a normal characteristic of political transitions, as administrations tend to pursue careful balance while societies express emotions more directly. Meanwhile, Syrian leadership seeks to reposition the country as a regional player committed to avoiding escalation, an approach that could help establish new partnerships and rejoin the regional community.

Ultimately, Syria seems to be beginning a new chapter, where regional developments are seen not simply as military confrontation between major powers, but as part of broader reshaping of regional dynamics that significantly influenced the Syrian war’s trajectory.

While public opinion reflects both relief and caution, the government continues using diplomatic language to strengthen stability and begin a new chapter in international relations. Many Syrians hope these changes will mark the beginning of the end of a lengthy period of interventions and conflict, for which their country has paid an enormous cost.

Warning sirens echoed throughout northern Israel on Monday after rockets were launched from Lebanese territory, according to Israeli military officials. This marks the first attack originating from Lebanon since the United States and Israel began conducting military operations against Iran.

A ceasefire agreement brokered by the United States in 2024 brought an end to the conflict between Israel and Lebanon, concluding over a year of combat with the Lebanese militant organization Hezbollah. The fighting had escalated to Israeli military operations that significantly damaged the Iranian-supported group. Both nations have since accused each other of breaking the truce terms.

Hezbollah has not yet responded to reports of Monday’s rocket launch from Lebanese soil.

The Shiite Muslim organization, which has served as one of Iran’s key regional partners in the Middle East, declared support for Iran on Saturday while remaining unclear about potential military involvement.

Israeli military officials later confirmed that defense systems successfully intercepted one rocket while additional projectiles landed in uninhabited regions.

Military representatives reported no casualties or property damage from the incident.

Nearly 500 Russian citizens are preparing to leave Iran by traveling through Azerbaijan, Russia’s embassy in Baku announced Sunday.

The Russian diplomatic mission expressed appreciation to Azerbaijan for their cooperation in the evacuation effort. “We would like to express our gratitude to the Azerbaijani side for their assistance, including for the prompt consideration of issues related to the issuance of border crossing permits,” the embassy stated on its Telegram channel.

According to a government source in Azerbaijan, 192 people have already been evacuated from Iran to Azerbaijan during a 38-hour period, with 82 of those individuals being Azerbaijani citizens.

Russia’s foreign ministry has advised Russian citizens to either relocate to safer areas within Israel and Iran or to leave both countries entirely following recent military actions conducted by Israel and the United States.

Military operations between the United States, Israel, and Iran entered their second day Sunday following the death of Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, creating uncertainty about the Islamic Republic’s future and heightening regional tensions.

Explosions erupted across Tehran Sunday evening as Israeli forces announced they were bringing their offensive to Iran’s capital city center.

Iranian forces responded by launching missiles and drones toward Israeli targets, U.S. military bases throughout the Gulf region, and striking both Saudi Arabia’s capital and Dubai’s business district. Earlier Sunday, Iran appointed a 66-year-old religious leader to a three-person governing council that will oversee the nation while selecting Khamenei’s replacement.

A high-ranking White House official revealed that Iran’s emerging leadership has indicated interest in negotiations with the United States. The official, who requested anonymity when discussing internal government discussions, stated President Trump expressed eventual willingness to engage in talks while maintaining that current military actions will proceed without interruption.

During a Sunday interview with The Atlantic, Trump confirmed plans to communicate with Iran’s new leaders. “They want to talk, and I have agreed to talk, so I will be talking to them,” Trump stated, though he refused to specify when discussions might begin.

Congressional Briefing Scheduled

Secretary of State Marco Rubio, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth, CIA Director John Ratcliffe, and Joint Chiefs Chairman Dan Caine will address Congress regarding the Iranian military operation next week, according to White House announcements Sunday.

White House spokesperson Dylan Johnson confirmed the four officials would address “the full membership of both chambers of Congress on Tuesday, March 3.”

Johnson noted that Pentagon representatives had already conducted a 90-minute briefing for congressional staff members Sunday.

Syrian Civilians Injured by Debris

Four individuals, including three children, sustained minor injuries from Iranian missile fragments in Ain Terma, located in Damascus’s surrounding area Sunday evening, according to Syria’s official news agency SANA.

The casualties, consisting of a father and his three daughters, received hospital treatment for minor wounds that were immediately addressed, SANA reported, citing the Health Ministry’s Ambulance and Emergency director.

Gulf Nations Demand End to Iranian Attacks

Foreign ministers from six Gulf nations demanded Iran immediately cease attacks on their sovereign territory, claiming these actions threaten regional security and stability.

Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Oman, and Bahrain’s top diplomats conducted an emergency virtual conference Sunday following the U.S.-Israeli strikes that prompted Iranian missile barrages against U.S. installations and civilian infrastructure, including airports, hotels, and residential neighborhoods. The ministers denounced the attacks targeting their nations and Jordan.

The Gulf diplomatic leaders affirmed their countries maintain “their legal right to respond and the right to self-defense,” according to international law.

Trump Vows to Avenge Fallen Service Members

President Trump pledged America would “avenge their deaths” when referring to killed U.S. military personnel.

Trump made these remarks during a six-minute social media video posted Sunday afternoon, calling the three service members “true American patriots who have made the ultimate sacrifice for our nation, even as we continue the righteous mission for which they gave their lives.”

The president continued: “Sadly, there will likely be more, before it ends. That’s the way it is. Likely be more.”

Diplomatic Personnel Authorized to Leave Gulf

The State Department authorized non-essential American diplomats and government personnel families to depart Bahrain and Qatar as U.S.-Israeli strikes and Iranian counterattacks continue.

Updated travel warnings issued Sunday indicated the department reduced its diplomatic presence in Doha and Manama “due to security concerns.”

The department advised private American citizens should “reconsider travel to Bahrain and Qatar due to the threat of armed conflict.”

Israeli Official Credits Optimal Strike Conditions

An Israeli military official described how multiple factors created ideal circumstances for Israel and the U.S. to eliminate much of Iran’s leadership during the war’s opening assault.

The official explained that months of preparation and extensive U.S. coordination, combined with real-time intelligence confirming targets were assembled together, enabled the allies to execute their joint Saturday morning operation.

According to the official, airstrikes hit three sites within 60 seconds of each other, killing Iran’s supreme leader and approximately 40 senior officials, including Iran’s Revolutionary Guard commander. The broad daylight timing provided additional surprise.

The official stated Israel and the U.S. determined targeting leadership offered the best operational opening, preventing their rapid dispersal and concealment once attacks commenced. Speaking anonymously about the covert mission, the official said: “We had a great opportunity, great intel, great execution.”

Israeli General Acknowledges Extended Combat Ahead

Israel’s commanding general commended his military’s initial success against Iran while cautioning citizens that “many more days of combat lie ahead.”

Following a day characterized by warning alarms, strikes, and at least nine fatalities from one Iranian assault, Lt. Gen. Eyal Zamir acknowledged casualties in Beit Shemesh while celebrating “significant achievements” made by Israel and the U.S. The joint operations eliminated high-ranking security officials and Supreme Leader Khamenei.

“Patience and resilience are required now. We are operating in close cooperation with our ally. Coordination with the U.S. military is closer than ever,” stated Zamir, the army’s chief of general staff.

Trump Estimates Four-Week Timeline

President Trump discussed projected combat duration during a telephone conversation with a British publication.

“We figured it will be four weeks or so,” Trump informed the Daily Mail. “It’s always been about a four-week process, so, as strong as it is — it’s a big country — it’ll take four weeks, or less.”

The U.S. military confirmed three service member deaths, marking the first acknowledged American casualties. Trump described those killed as “great people.”

“You know, we expect that to happen, unfortunately,” Trump told the publication. “Could happen continuous — it could happen again.”

Jerusalem Experiences Heavy Bombardment

Powerful explosions shook Jerusalem Sunday night as another wave of Iranian missiles targeted the city.

Shelters reached capacity while residents reported the explosions were among the loudest experienced since combat began.

Officials could not immediately determine whether the sounds resulted from missile impacts or defensive interceptions.

Omani Official Calls for Renewed Negotiations

The diplomat who facilitated indirect nuclear discussions between the U.S. and Iran last week in Geneva urged resuming negotiations, stating the “door to diplomacy remains open.”

Oman’s Foreign Minister Badr al-Busaidi posted on X that “genuine progress toward an unprecedented agreement” occurred during recent talks.

“I still believe in the power of diplomacy to resolve this conflict,” he wrote. “The sooner talks are resumed the better it is for everyone.”

Iranian explosive drones struck Oman’s Duqm Port earlier Sunday, injuring one worker.

LONDON – The United Kingdom has launched a comprehensive review asking families and young people to weigh in on whether children under 16 should be prohibited from using social media platforms.

Nations across the globe are wrestling with how to shield children from the negative effects of social media and online gaming on their mental wellness and sleep patterns, as many parents struggle to keep up with platforms designed to keep young users engaged for extended periods.

In December, Australia implemented restrictions preventing those under 16 from accessing social media, prompting other nations including the UK to consider following suit.

UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer has expressed his intention to establish additional safeguards for children that go beyond the current Online Safety Act, which was enacted just two and a half years ago.

Beginning Monday, the three-month public consultation will examine various approaches including establishing minimum age requirements for social media access, prohibiting features designed to be addictive, and implementing nighttime restrictions for users under 16.

Technology Minister Liz Kendall addressed the widespread concerns in a public statement: “We know parents everywhere are grappling with how much screen time their children should have, when they should give them a phone, what they are seeing online, and the impact all of this is having.”

“This is why we’re asking children and parents to take part in this landmark consultation on how young people can thrive in an age of rapid technological change,” Kendall continued.

Officials announced plans to conduct trial programs involving families and teenagers to test how social media limitations might function in real-world scenarios.

The review will also investigate whether minors should have unrestricted access to artificial intelligence chatbots and explore ways to enhance age-verification systems.

Additionally, the UK is developing more stringent regulations requiring technology companies to delete non-consensual intimate images within 48 hours or face penalties up to 10% of their worldwide revenue.

British Prime Minister Keir Starmer announced Sunday that his government has granted the United States permission to utilize British military installations for defensive operations targeting Iranian missile storage facilities and launch sites.

In a video statement posted to X, Starmer explained the decision: “The United States has requested permission to use British bases for that specific and limited defensive purpose. We have taken the decision to accept this request to prevent Iran firing missiles across the region.”

The British leader emphasized that the UK did not participate in the combined US-Israeli military operations against Iran on Saturday that resulted in the death of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, and stated Britain would not join additional strike missions.

However, Starmer noted that Iran has responded with continuous attacks throughout the region, with Iranian missiles striking airports and hotels housing British nationals.

“Our decision that the UK would not be involved with the strikes on Iran was deliberate, not least because we believe that the best way forward for the region and for the world is a negotiated settlement, one in which Iran agrees to give up any aspirations to develop a nuclear weapon,” Starmer stated.

“But Iran is striking British interests nonetheless, and putting British people at huge risk,” he added.

According to Starmer, Gulf region allies have requested increased British assistance in defending their territories, and he considers it his responsibility to safeguard British lives.

The Prime Minister revealed that British military aircraft are already participating in coordinated defensive missions and have successfully intercepted Iranian attacks. However, he emphasized that eliminating the threat requires destroying the missiles at their origin points in storage facilities or launch platforms.

Starmer justified approving the American request as necessary for the “collective self-defence of long-standing friends and allies and protecting British lives” under international law.

North Korean dictator Kim Jong Un made a public appearance at a cement manufacturing facility on Sunday, where he urged workers to maintain production levels to achieve objectives established during a major party meeting, according to reports from state-controlled media KCNA on Monday.

The visit follows North Korea’s week-long Ninth Congress of the ruling Workers’ Party, which took place in late February. During that gathering, Kim stressed the significance of advancing construction initiatives, including development in Pyongyang’s Hwasong district, which he described as essential “for strengthening national power.”

According to KCNA’s reporting, Kim praised the cement facility’s workforce for boosting production levels that have enabled various construction endeavors to move forward.

Data from the Asan Institute for Policy Studies shows Kim’s documented public activities have increased significantly, rising from approximately 70 appearances in 2021 to 153 in 2025. This uptick reflects Kim’s renewed emphasis on economic development, with many of his visits focused on inspecting completed construction projects including hotels, apartment complexes, and industrial facilities.

Members of the Iranian community residing in Los Angeles are displaying varied responses to military action taken against Iran by the Trump administration.

Many within the Iranian diaspora in the city have expressed support for the strikes, though others are experiencing conflicted emotions about the developments.

DEIR AL-BALAH, Gaza Strip — Palestinian residents express concern that escalating conflict involving Iran could shift global attention away from Gaza’s delicate situation, coming just days after President Trump secured billions in reconstruction pledges and worked to advance ceasefire negotiations.

Local inhabitants report anxiety about being forgotten and facing hardship, particularly after Israel shut down all border crossings following recent weekend military operations in the region of more than 2 million people.

Gaza residents interviewed by The Associated Press described hurrying to stores, haunted by memories of severe food shortages during Israel’s extended blockade last year. Portions of Gaza, particularly areas near Gaza City, experienced famine conditions.

“When the crossings shut down, everything was suspended from the market,” explained Osamda Hanoda from Khan Younis. “The prices go up, and people live in misery.”

The unstable truce between Israel and Hamas had previously allowed increased humanitarian assistance and other essential supplies to reach Gaza, though United Nations officials and aid organizations emphasize that greater quantities of medical supplies, fuel, and other necessities remain critically needed.

Currently, Palestinians have returned to stockpiling goods, with reports indicating dramatic price increases for essential items like flour.

“We are afraid of not finding milk” and diapers for children, along with food and water, explained Hassan Zanoun, who was forced to leave Rafah.

COGAT, Israel’s military organization managing civilian matters in Gaza, did not provide a response to inquiries Sunday. In their closure announcement, officials stated that food supplies within the territory “is expected to suffice for an extended period.” They also noted that the scheduled rotation of humanitarian personnel entering and leaving Gaza has been delayed.

The timing for reopening any crossing remains uncertain. Israeli officials have turned their focus to Iran, while citizens repeatedly sought shelter as warning sirens sounded.

The Gaza conflict originated with Hamas’s assault on Israel on October 7, 2023, and has been characterized throughout by limitations on people and goods permitted into the territory — along with frightened residents, including medical patients requiring treatment, attempting to leave.

Four weeks ago, Gaza’s primary Rafah border crossing with Egypt — the territory’s sole non-Israeli crossing — resumed operations, permitting limited and strictly monitored Palestinian movement in both directions. Cargo shipments remained prohibited.

Currently, all crossings have closed once more during the sacred Muslim fasting period of Ramadan, traditionally a time of voluntary deprivation, evening meals, and worship. Photographs have captured Palestinians gathering at lengthy tables amid destroyed buildings and rubble.

The Iranian strikes disrupted this pattern.

“All the people rushed to markets, and they all wanted to shop and hide,” described Abeer Awwad, who was forced to relocate from Gaza City, as news of explosions in Tehran began circulating.

Following the October 10 American-mediated ceasefire, intense combat has decreased, although routine Israeli military action persists in Gaza. The UN World Food Program has acknowledged improvements in the enclave but indicated in last week’s food security assessment that malnutrition continues.

“Households reported an average of two meals per day in February 2026, compared to one meal in July,” the report stated. “Still, one in five households consumed only one meal daily.”

Redirecting international focus back to Gaza presents difficulties for relief organizations and others as Iran seeks new leadership amid ongoing explosions in Tehran, Israel, and throughout the Middle East.

Trump has indicated that bombing operations in Iran may persist throughout the week or beyond, and cautioned Tehran of “A FORCE THAT HAS NEVER BEEN SEEN BEFORE!” should it intensify attacks.

This represents a significant shift from Trump’s introduction less than two weeks earlier of his new Board of Peace, a coalition of international leaders designed to conclude the Gaza war while aspiring to address conflicts in other regions.

Despite recent progress regarding Gaza, substantial obstacles persist for the ceasefire. These include dismantling Hamas’s military capabilities, organizing and positioning an international peacekeeping force, and enabling a recently formed Palestinian administrative committee intended to oversee Gaza to enter the territory.

As Middle Eastern attention shifts to another conflict, some Palestinians identify a potential advantage: Israel’s military faces divided priorities.

“The good thing is that the sound of booms and demolitions is rare now near the yellow line,” noted Ahmed Abu Jahl, from Gaza City, referring to the boundary separating Gaza and marking approximately half the territory under Israeli military control.

“Even the drones, they are still flying overhead, but their number has gone down.”

Nobel Peace Prize recipient María Corina Machado announced Sunday her intention to return to Venezuela within the coming weeks, while also declaring that new elections will take place in the South American nation.

The Venezuelan opposition leader, who received the 2025 Nobel Peace Prize, did not specify an exact timeline for her homecoming but stated that among her goals will be preparing “for a new and gigantic electoral victory.”

Through a social media post, Machado urged her followers to “strengthen the unity of Venezuelans that began with the primaries,” referring to the 2023 selection process where she emerged victorious as the unified opposition candidate to challenge former President Nicolás Maduro in elections.

Current Acting President Delcy Rodríguez, who has held power since Maduro and his spouse were detained during a U.S. military operation in January, has issued a warning that Machado “will have to answer” should she return to Venezuelan soil.

U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio has outlined that Venezuela’s transformation must occur through stages including stabilization, economic rebuilding, and governmental transition. Rubio has not suggested that voting could occur in the immediate future.

The 58-year-old political leader, who plays a central role in Venezuela’s opposition movement, received the Nobel Peace Prize last year in recognition of her efforts to bring democratic change to Venezuela.

In a move that generated controversy, she later gave her Nobel medal to U.S. President Donald Trump following the military action that removed Maduro from power. Maduro now confronts drug trafficking accusations in American courts and has entered a not guilty plea.

Following Maduro’s declared victory in the July 2024 election, demonstrations broke out across the country, leading to extensive government crackdowns. Opposition groups maintained they possessed reliable proof that Edmundo González was the actual winner, who had taken Machado’s place on the ballot after authorities prevented her from running.

CAIRO — Mixed reactions have emerged across Iran following the death of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, with some citizens celebrating openly while others express deep concerns about their nation’s uncertain future amid ongoing U.S.-Israeli military strikes.

Khamenei, who ruled Iran’s Islamic Republic for almost forty years, was killed along with several high-ranking military officials during the first day of coordinated attacks. His death has shocked the Iranian population and triggered complicated feelings throughout the politically divided country.

A resident from northern Tehran shared his conflicted emotions about the leader’s death through encrypted messaging. “Inside, we are in party mode,” he said. “But unless we are safe from them, people are not celebrating publicly because they are ruthless and even more vengeful.”

Government officials quickly organized large memorial gatherings in multiple cities to demonstrate public mourning for the leader, whom state broadcasters called a martyr. Verified footage from state television revealed massive crowds filling central plazas in Isfahan and Yazd, displaying Iranian flags while shouting anti-American slogans.

Despite calls from President Donald Trump urging Iranians to “seize their government,” former protest participants told reporters that security forces maintain too strong a grip for new large-scale demonstrations. The Associated Press spoke with eight Iranian citizens on Sunday, with several requesting anonymity due to safety concerns amid unstable communications.

Tehran resident Golshan Fathi reported heavy Basij paramilitary presence throughout the capital’s streets. These forces previously participated in violently suppressing recent mass protests. A physician from Rasht described witnessing Basij members forcibly removing a driver from his vehicle after he honked his horn in celebration.

Fathi characterized Iranian society as currently existing “between hope and fear.”

The country remains sharply split politically. Last month witnessed hundreds of thousands marching nationwide, chanting anti-Khamenei slogans in what may have been the largest protests against clerical rule since 1979. Although authorities brutally suppressed these demonstrations, public resentment toward the government persists. However, significant numbers of supporters continue backing the system for various religious, social, and economic reasons.

Iranian leadership moved swiftly to demonstrate continued control following the deaths of Khamenei and other top officials including the defense minister, army chief, and senior security advisor. President Masoud Pezeshkian announced that a new leadership council had begun operations, while the foreign minister indicated a replacement supreme leader would be selected within days.

Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Qalibaf addressed the nation on state television Sunday, emphasizing that government and military operations don’t rely on specific individuals. “We prepared ourselves for these moments and set plans for all scenarios,” he stated, “even for after the martyrdom of our dear Imam Khamenei.”

Official media confirmed Khamenei’s death early Sunday morning, prompting immediate celebrations in certain areas. Verified online videos showed crowds cheering and dancing while vehicles honked horns in Karaj, near Tehran. Both Fathi and the Rasht doctor reported hearing celebratory sounds from nearby buildings.

The physician described the experience in a voice message: “It was one of the best nights, if not the best night, of our lives. It was actually my first time ever smoking a cigarette. We didn’t sleep at all. And we don’t even feel tired.”

Throughout Sunday, Iranians confronted the harsh reality of living under bombardment with no clear end in sight. Explosions in Tehran created massive smoke plumes over government building areas. Iranian officials report over 200 casualties from the strikes, including at least 165 deaths from an attack on a girls’ school in the country’s southern region.

Tehran residents rushed to grocery stores Sunday, clearing shelves of bottled water, bread, eggs, and milk. Extended lines at gas stations throughout the capital suggested either fuel shortage fears or evacuation plans. State television showed heavy highway traffic with bumper-to-bumper vehicles as families attempted to reach northern provinces, while others chose to remain home for safety.

Iran launched retaliatory missiles at expanding targets across Israel and Gulf Arab nations, while Israel promised continuous strikes against Iranian leadership and military installations.

Fathi expressed concern that the Islamic Republic might maintain power, “leading to chaos or even causing the splitting of the nation. But maybe, maybe from this morning, that new page for Iran where everything changes has begun. People are hopeful,” she said. During the conversation, explosion sounds echoed through the capital. “Right now, you see, Israel is hitting us. Fighters have violated our country’s airspace and are freely bombing us and we are just sitting here.”

Many Iranians remain traumatized by last month’s violent crackdown that killed thousands. This brutality and subsequent mass arrests have deterred many from returning to the streets. Others question U.S. and Israeli motives or worry about potential national chaos and fragmentation.

The Rasht doctor reflected on the situation: “I don’t think that the people have their determination in their own hands yet. This is a foreign war at the end of the day. But if the regime is so weakened and then another call for protests is made, this is another story.”

Reza Mehrabi, 67, cautioned against premature celebrations over Iranian leadership deaths. He recalled similar jubilation following the 1979 revolution that removed the Shah and established Islamic Republic rule. “I saw some people were happy about the losses, but when I remember 1979 revolution and its aftermath, I need more consideration to understand if the nation and the country is on the right path.”

A 27-year-old Tehran woman described a strike landing just hundreds of yards from her home, terrifying her with the blast. “I have no idea which direction we are heading,” she said. “I wish all these things were just a bad dream that vanishes when I wake up.”

Academic experts suggest that launching new mass demonstrations may prove challenging despite Trump’s encouragement for Iranian uprising.

“The reality is, the Iranian people don’t have the means to displace the Islamic Republic on their own,” explained Esfandyar Batmanghelidj, an adjunct professor at Johns Hopkins University’s School of Advanced International Studies-Europe.

He predicted the strikes might embolden some citizens, but many will hesitate to protest again “because the regime retains its repressive capacity and there should be no doubts it would be willing to use violence again against protesters.”

“Even within families and within neighborhoods there may be very disparate views” regarding Khamenei’s killing, particularly because foreign powers carried it out, he noted.

Arang Keshavarzian, a Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies professor at New York University, observed that both during last summer’s conflict with Israel and current bombardment, “the political and military apparatus has been hit hard, but they have replaced people and maintained their cohesion.”

During the 1979 Islamic revolution, Iranians across society sustained massive protests for months, ultimately forcing the shah to flee. “But we are far from the 1979 model in which Iranians organized strikes and nationwide organizations of merchants, students, and clerics,” Keshavarzian said.

“Just because Iranians have many grievances and make claims on the state on a daily basis, it does not necessarily mean that this will scale up to a social revolution,” he concluded. “And bombing Iran does not change this.”

Massive demonstrations swept through major Brazilian cities on Sunday as thousands of backers of jailed former President Jair Bolsonaro gathered to oppose the current administration of President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.

The rallies, which drew crowds wearing Brazil’s national colors of yellow and green, took place in major metropolitan areas including São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and the nation’s capital, Brasília. Organizers aimed to generate support for conservative candidates ahead of the presidential election scheduled for October.

Speaking to followers on Instagram before the demonstrations began, Flávio Bolsonaro, the former president’s son who has been selected to challenge Lula, declared the importance of the moment. “This year will be decisive for all Brazilians,” he stated. “We’re one step away from succeeding at rescuing our Brazil.”

The younger Bolsonaro has been working to unite right-wing voters behind his campaign to face Lula, who has announced his intention to seek a fourth term in office, though not consecutive.

The former president remains incarcerated, currently serving a 27-year prison term for his role in attempting to overthrow the government following his 2022 election loss to Lula. Many of his followers maintain that the imprisoned far-right politician is being targeted for political reasons.

State legislator Douglas Ruas dos Santos, speaking at the Rio demonstration, expressed optimism about future electoral prospects. “We believe that 2026 will be the year of the turning point. We have a project led by President Bolsonaro, which was entrusted to Flávio Bolsonaro,” he told the crowd.

Polling data indicates a tight race between Flávio Bolsonaro and Lula in a potential head-to-head matchup.

Research conducted by the University of São Paulo and the nonprofit organization More in Common estimated attendance at approximately 20,000 people in São Paulo and close to 5,000 in Rio de Janeiro. The studies carry a margin of error of 12 percentage points.

Demonstrators in São Paulo filled the city’s primary thoroughfare, Paulista Avenue, carrying numerous signs demanding “Free Bolsonaro.” Large inflatable displays showed Lula dressed in prison garb while depicting Bolsonaro wearing the presidential sash. Some participants also displayed American flags during the march.

During his address to supporters, Flávio Bolsonaro directed sharp criticism toward the Supreme Court, claiming the judicial body was “destroying democracy.” A Supreme Court panel had issued the prison sentence against his father in September of last year.

“The Brazilian people will have the opportunity to choose candidates who are committed to restoring our democracy,” he proclaimed to the assembled crowds.

Among those attending the Rio protest at Copacabana was Igor Jardim, a 45-year-old military officer who said Brazil needed to “wake up” — echoing the demonstration’s official theme, “Wake up Brazil.”

Jardim voiced his support for Flávio’s presidential ambitions, saying, “He has good proposals, he has a motivation that I think is appropriate for this, and he is our hope.”

For decades, the United Arab Emirates has marketed itself to international visitors as a tranquil, secure destination where wealthy travelers can enjoy luxury living without paying taxes.

That carefully crafted reputation suffered a devastating blow over the weekend when Iranian missiles and drones bombarded Dubai, igniting fires at a luxury hotel, endangering the world’s tallest skyscraper, and causing one death plus seven injuries at Abu Dhabi’s airport.

The attacks represent Tehran’s retaliation following significant military operations by American and Israeli forces, bringing terror and disorder to a region that had maintained remarkable stability until Saturday.

“This is Dubai’s ultimate nightmare, as its very essence depended on being a safe oasis in a troubled region,” Cinzia Bianco, an expert on the Persian Gulf at the European Council on Foreign Relations wrote on X. “There might be a way to be resilient, but there is no going back.”

Government leaders attempted to calm both locals and tourists by emphasizing the country’s world-class air defense capabilities, which successfully intercepted numerous drones and missiles.

“I know it’s a scary time for a lot of the residents,” Reem Al Hashimy, minister of state for international cooperation, told CNN. “We don’t hear these types of loud sounds. But at the same time, those are sounds of interception. And where there has been damage — that has been primarily debris.”

The weekend violence has damaged the UAE’s diplomatic efforts to reduce friction with Iran, despite longstanding mistrust of their Persian Gulf neighbor. Following the bombardment, the Emirates shut down its airspace Saturday, closed its Tehran embassy Sunday, and recalled diplomatic personnel.

“This decision reflects its firm and unwavering position against any aggression that threatens its security and sovereignty,” the Foreign Ministry said in a statement. It called the attacks an “aggressive and provocative approach” that threatens the region.

The petroleum-wealthy nation of seven emirates has built its economy around attracting affluent tourists, entrepreneurs, and expatriates seeking tax-free luxury living in a desert paradise beside the ocean. Foreign nationals make up nearly 90% of the country’s estimated 11 million inhabitants.

Property developers market sparkling skyscrapers and waterfront mansions to affluent Europeans and Americans by highlighting favorable weather and pro-business regulations, while advertising the UAE as among the planet’s most secure destinations.

However, after hundreds of drone and missile strikes, that stellar safety record now faces serious questions.

“Last night was pretty surreal,” said British racehorse trainer Jamie Osborne, who was in Dubai for the Emirates Super Saturday. “You’re standing in the paddock watching missiles get shot through the sky.”

Defense officials reported Sunday that air defense systems had neutralized 165 ballistic missiles, two cruise missiles and more than 540 Iranian drones during the two-day assault.

Although authorities claimed they stopped all aerial attacks Saturday, falling debris from destroyed weapons ignited fires at several of Dubai’s most recognizable sites.

Videos and images shared on social media revealed flames outside the Fairmont hotel on the exclusive artificial Palm Jumeirah island, fire damage to the renowned Burj Al Arab hotel’s exterior, and smoke billowing near the Burj Khalifa, the 2,723-foot tall tower.

Blazes also erupted at Dubai’s Jebel Ali Port, the city’s primary maritime facility and crucial shipping center, while Dubai International Airport sustained damage and four workers were hurt, the Dubai Media Office reported.

Kristy Ellmer, visiting from New Hampshire on business, said she avoided her hotel windows but felt reasonably secure despite the constant explosions.

“You hear a lot of explosions at times, you know, there’s hundreds of them,” she said. “It’s unsettling. We’re not used to hearing bombs, right, or missiles.”

Louise Herrle, an American vacationer whose return flight from Dubai was cancelled, explained this marked her third attempt to visit the region. Earlier trips were scrapped due to the COVID-19 outbreak and Hamas’s October 2023 assault on Israel.

After completing their Abu Dhabi and Dubai vacation, she expressed reluctance to return to the Emirates or surrounding area.

“I would probably be inclined to avoid this part of the world when there’s increased tensions, it just explodes so quickly,” Herrle said.

Perhaps, she added, “the universe was trying to tell us something.”

Amazon Web Services experienced a significant disruption at one of its Middle Eastern data centers on Sunday after debris collided with the facility in the United Arab Emirates, causing electrical sparks and igniting a blaze that required emergency response.

The incident comes as the UAE faces ongoing security challenges from Iran’s recent retaliatory attacks using missiles and drones, which targeted the country’s aviation hubs, shipping facilities, and civilian neighborhoods following military actions by the United States and Israel against Iranian targets.

AWS officials declined to specify whether the data center incident was related to the regional military strikes when questioned by Reuters reporters.

The company issued a statement detailing the emergency: “At around 4:30 AM PST, one of our AvailabilityZones (mec1-az2) was impacted by objects that struck the datacenter, creating sparks and fire.”

Amazon defines an Availability Zone as a cluster of interconnected physical data centers that operate as isolated units within broader regional networks to ensure service reliability.

Emergency responders from the local fire department disconnected electrical power to the damaged facility as crews battled the flames, according to AWS officials.

The cloud computing giant warned customers that restoring network connections to the affected zone would require several hours of work, though other UAE-based data centers continued normal operations throughout the incident.

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy called on Sunday for recent developments in Iran following U.S. and Israeli military actions to be leveraged appropriately for the benefit of Iranian citizens who have endured government brutality.

During his evening video address, Zelenskyy accused Iranian leadership of killing “tens of thousands of people in the last couple of months alone” while suppressing domestic protests.

The Ukrainian leader argued that Iran has “predetermined the way it is treated” through its decision to provide attack drones to Russia for use in Moscow’s ongoing four-year conflict with Ukraine, while also “fomenting wars in the region.”

“It is important that the this chance for changes in Iran be used properly,” Zelenskyy stated. “The Iranian people were on their own for a long time, enduring violence while standing against the Iranian regime.”

Zelenskyy reiterated his previous assertion from Saturday following the beginning of the strikes that American determination “brings results.”

The Ukrainian president expressed gratitude to “everyone who is trying to prevent the spread of war” and suggested Russia should take note of what has occurred with Iranian leadership, emphasizing that “justice is finally served in the end.”

On Saturday, Zelenskyy revealed that Moscow has launched more than 57,000 Iranian-manufactured Shahed-type drones against Ukraine throughout the duration of the war.

European Union leaders united Sunday in demanding immediate de-escalation of the growing conflict involving Iran, following an emergency meeting of foreign ministers from all 27 member nations.

EU foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas released a statement on behalf of the entire bloc, declaring: “We call for maximum restraint, protection of civilians and full respect of international law, including the principles of the United Nations Charter, and international humanitarian law.”

The urgent video conference among EU foreign ministers was organized after military strikes were exchanged between the United States and Israel against Iran, with Tehran retaliating with attacks targeting Israel, U.S. military forces, and Gulf region nations.

The European statement strongly criticized Tehran’s actions, stating: “Iran’s attacks and violation of sovereignty of a number of countries in the region are inexcusable. Iran must refrain from indiscriminate military strikes.”

Economic implications weighed heavily on European leaders’ minds as they warned the conflict “must not lead to an escalation that could threaten the Middle East, Europe and beyond, with unpredictable consequences, also in the economic sphere.”

The EU specifically highlighted concerns about maritime trade routes, emphasizing that “the disruption of critical waterways, like the Strait of Hormuz, must be avoided.”

The unified statement masked significant disagreements among European leaders regarding the military actions taken by U.S. President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. The compromise language reflected the diverse perspectives within the bloc representing approximately 450 million Europeans.

German Chancellor Friedrich Merz took a measured approach Sunday, suggesting this wasn’t the appropriate time to criticize allies and partners. However, Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez took a sharper stance, having “rejected” the U.S. and Israeli military action Saturday, arguing it “contributes to a more uncertain and hostile international order.”

European diplomats privately acknowledged their limited ability to influence the rapidly developing situation, despite potential major consequences for the continent.

“Not too many options, I am afraid. Certainly not short-term,” one Western European official admitted.

Another EU diplomat expressed frustration about Europe’s position, noting that Europeans are “just bystanders, nobody has leverage with Trump.”

WASHINGTON — The U.S. military confirmed Sunday that three American service members lost their lives and five others suffered serious injuries during ongoing military operations involving Iran, representing the first American fatalities in the escalating conflict with the Islamic Republic.

U.S. Central Command, responsible for Middle East operations, released the casualty information on social media platform X without specifying the exact timing or location of the incidents. Military officials noted that additional personnel received minor injuries from shrapnel and concussions but are expected to resume their duties.

Describing the circumstances as constantly changing, Central Command indicated they would wait 24 hours before releasing the names of the fallen service members to allow time for family notifications.

Military officials also refuted Iranian assertions that ballistic missiles had hit the USS Abraham Lincoln aircraft carrier, stating on X that Iran’s “missiles launched didn’t even come close.”

President Donald Trump had previously cautioned that American personnel might face danger during the mission.

“The lives of courageous American heroes may be lost, and we may have casualties,” Trump stated in a video message released Saturday morning. “That often happens in war. But we’re doing this not for now. We’re doing this for the future.”

After combined U.S.-Israeli operations resulted in the deaths of Iran’s supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei and other high-ranking officials, Iranian forces have responded by attacking American military installations in Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates.

Iran’s Revolutionary Guard has issued warnings about launching what they describe as their “most intense offensive operation” ever against Israeli and American military targets.

Prior to these strikes, Trump had assembled the most substantial U.S. military deployment in the Middle East seen in recent decades. The Lincoln’s arrival with three guided-missile destroyers in late January increased naval presence in the region.

The USS Gerald R. Ford, the world’s most advanced aircraft carrier, along with four destroyer escorts, was subsequently ordered from the Caribbean to the Middle East theater.

The Ford had previously participated in the U.S. operation in Venezuela that resulted in the capture of leader Nicolás Maduro, who was transported to New York to face drug trafficking accusations. That January mission resulted in no American deaths but left seven U.S. personnel with gunshot and shrapnel wounds.

During last week’s State of the Union address, Trump presented the Medal of Honor to one of the injured service members from that operation. The president identified Army Chief Warrant Officer 5 Eric Slover as the pilot who commanded the primary CH-47 Chinook helicopter during the assault on the “heavily protected military fortress” where Maduro was located.

Trump has authorized multiple military actions during his current presidency, including operations against Islamic State fighters in Syria following an ambush in December that killed two American soldiers and a civilian interpreter.

American forces have also conducted strikes against IS militants in Nigeria after Trump criticized that nation’s government for inadequately protecting Christian communities from terrorist attacks.

The death of Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has thrown the Islamic Republic into unprecedented turmoil, creating the nation’s most serious crisis since the 1979 revolution. The country now grapples with active warfare within its borders, an uncertain leadership transition, and growing domestic pressures.

However, five regional experts and officials warn against expecting Iran’s government to quickly fall apart. They explain that Iran’s political structure was intentionally designed to distribute power among religious institutions, security forces, and various power networks rather than depending on one person.

Danny Citrinowicz from the Atlantic Council explained, “The Iranian system is bigger than one man – removing Khamenei could harden the regime rather than weaken it.”

Ali Hashem, who researches at Royal Holloway, University of London, emphasized this point: “Iran was built to survive the loss of a leader. The danger is not a vacuum. It’s whether war and pressure push the system past the point where that resilience holds.”

The powerful Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) sits at the heart of this durability, widely considered Iran’s actual power center. The future balance of control depends on whether the Guards become weakened by military defeats and internal conflicts, or instead become more entrenched while adopting a tougher, security-focused governing style.

Alex Vatanka from the Middle East Institute posed the crucial question: “The real question is whether Khamenei’s death takes the air out of the IRGC – the force that actually runs Iran – or whether they close ranks and harden. If rank-and-file officials decide there is no future here, I’m not sure even the Guards can keep the regime together.”

Regional sources indicate the Guards are unlikely to change their core ideology since their mission centers on defending the revolution. However, they could adapt their tactics if the system’s survival requires it.

One regional official noted, “They may evolve into a less hardline force…there are pragmatic mid-level members open to reducing tensions with the United States if necessary for the system’s survival.” This flexible pragmatism positions the IRGC as both the system’s protector and its most important indicator.

Jonathan Panikoff, formerly a U.S. deputy national intelligence officer for the Near East, believes Washington and Israel are pursuing a strategy designed not just to weaken Iran’s military response abilities, but to destabilize the government by eliminating senior leaders and testing lower-level loyalty.

He said this approach’s effectiveness would ultimately depend on whether security forces step back or switch sides if public protests return.

In the immediate period following Khamenei’s death, officials say Tehran’s main focus is demonstrating stability. Iran’s command structure remains operational despite significant pressure. While missile forces, air defenses, and top military leaders have been targeted, the system has managed to withstand these attacks so far.

Officials identify three critical challenges Iran now confronts: whether its security apparatus can maintain control under attack; whether the troubled leadership can select a successor or shift to a new governing approach; and whether an unsettled population might push the crisis toward deeper political breakdown.

Ali Larijani, a seasoned Iranian politician serving as secretary of Iran’s Supreme National Security Council, announced Sunday that a temporary leadership council would manage the transition period following Khamenei’s death.

Leaders like Larijani and Mohammad Baqer Qalibaf, who serves as parliament speaker, are viewed as potential transitional figures, representing a security-focused yet pragmatic approach.

Iran faces a succession process it has only experienced once before, and under much more stable circumstances. The constitution gives this responsibility to the Assembly of Experts, consisting of 88 clerical members. However, analysts suggest wartime conditions might force a more improvised solution – either a rapidly chosen successor or temporary collective leadership dominated by security officials.

Analysts say Khamenei worked to influence this outcome before his death. After a 12-day conflict with Israel in June that targeted him and his close associates, he identified preferred successors and ensured critical military positions had backup commanders ready.

His preferred candidates included judiciary chief Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Ejei and Hassan Khomeini, a moderate cleric who is the grandson of the Islamic Republic’s founding leader.

Officials suggest the clerical assembly might postpone selecting Khamenei’s replacement due to concerns about assassination risks.

Israel indicates its military campaign will continue. Two sources familiar with the operations say Israel plans to keep targeting political and security institutions connected to Iran’s government, along with ballistic missile systems and launchers, attempting to weaken the state and create conditions for regime change.

One source revealed Israel wants the campaign to persist at least until Iran’s missile capabilities are eliminated, though they worry it might end early if Washington negotiates an agreement with Tehran.

Israeli Foreign Ministry spokesperson Oren Marmorstein told Reuters in Tel Aviv: “The objective is very clear: to remove an existential threat to the State of Israel. That threat is the Iranian regime. We have no quarrel with the Iranian people.”

A senior official with direct access to joint Israeli-U.S. military planning said it’s premature to predict Iran’s future political structure, noting the campaign remains in early stages with outcomes depending on ground developments.

The official stated Iranians must control their own future, adding this might become easier once the U.S. and Israel achieve “air supremacy” over Iran.

Continuing the pace and strength of attacks was viewed as essential for exploiting divisions within Iran and the IRGC after senior leaders’ deaths, the official added, though declined to detail what command breakdown might involve.

The conflict has created additional dangers. With foreign military forces operating in Iranian airspace and the state’s enforcement capabilities under pressure, analysts warn unrest could worsen if major anti-government demonstrations return, potentially causing security force defections and elevating civilian reform advocates.

WASHINGTON — Iran’s emerging leadership has indicated readiness for diplomatic discussions with the United States following a significant U.S.-Israeli military operation that resulted in the death of the country’s supreme leader and other top-ranking officials, according to a senior White House official speaking Sunday.

The administration official, requesting anonymity due to the sensitive nature of ongoing discussions, revealed that President Donald Trump expressed he is “eventually” prepared for dialogue while emphasizing that current military actions “continues unabated.” The official did not identify who comprises Iran’s potential new leadership or specify how their diplomatic interest was communicated.

Speaking to The Atlantic on Sunday, Trump confirmed his intention to engage with Iran’s new governing structure. “They want to talk, and I have agreed to talk, so I will be talking to them,” he stated, refusing to provide details about when such conversations might occur.

This diplomatic possibility emerges alongside fresh information regarding the extensive preparation behind the coordinated U.S.-Israeli assault and specific Iranian targets that were struck.

According to U.S. Central Command, B-2 stealth aircraft targeted Iran’s ballistic missile installations using 2,000-pound munitions. This strategy echoes the military’s June approach when Trump authorized B-2 bombers to strike three critical Iranian nuclear facilities.

During last week’s State of the Union address, Trump asserted that Iran had been developing ballistic missiles capable of reaching American territory — a rationale he reiterated Saturday while announcing the Iranian bombardment had commenced.

Iran has not confirmed efforts to construct or pursue intercontinental ballistic missile capabilities. However, the U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency stated in a public report last year that Iran could potentially develop an operationally effective intercontinental ballistic missile by 2035 “should Tehran decide to pursue the capability.”

Prior to the attacks, the CIA spent months monitoring the whereabouts of senior Iranian officials, including Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, according to someone with knowledge of the operation.

This intelligence was provided to Israeli counterparts, and strike timing was partially adjusted based on information about Iranian leaders’ locations, according to the source, who lacked authorization for public comment and requested anonymity.

The intelligence collaboration between the U.S. and Israel demonstrates the extensive preparation underlying the strikes, which extended into a second day Sunday after Khamenei’s death created uncertainty about the Islamic Republic’s future and heightened regional conflict risks.

The New York Times previously reported on the CIA’s pre-strike activities during the Israeli-U.S. operations.

Senator Tom Cotton, who chairs the Senate Intelligence Committee, refused to discuss specifics Sunday when questioned on CBS’ “Face the Nation” about intelligence sharing with Israel. However, he noted that monitoring the supreme leader’s movements and those of other hostile nation leaders “is obviously one of the highest priorities of our intelligence community.”

“Clearly, this operation is driven by intelligence collected by Israel and the United States that has once again proven that our nations have capabilities that no other nation on Earth has,” stated Cotton, R-Ark.

The U.S. routinely exchanges intelligence with allies including Israel. These partnerships and the precision of resulting intelligence often prove essential not only for military operation success but also for public backing.

Virginia Senator Mark Warner, the committee’s ranking Democrat, told The Associated Press that historically, “our working relationship with the Mossad and Israel is really strong.” Mossad represents Israel’s intelligence service.

Warner expressed significant concerns about the strikes’ justification, Trump’s long-range conflict strategy, and potential dangers facing U.S. military personnel. The military reported Sunday that three American soldiers died and five sustained serious injuries during the Iran operation.

“No tears will be shed over their leadership being eliminated but always the question is: OK, what next?” Warner remarked.

The Associated Press has begun classifying recent military confrontations involving the United States, Israel, and Iran as warfare, citing the scale and severity of the ongoing hostilities.

American and Israeli forces targeted critical military installations and eliminated Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei along with additional high-ranking officials. Tehran responded with missile and drone attacks against Israeli territory and Gulf Arab nations housing American military personnel, while surviving Iranian leadership has promised retribution for Khamenei’s killing. These exchanges suggest that eliminating Khamenei, coupled with President Donald Trump’s demands for regime change in the Islamic Republic, may trigger extended fighting throughout the Middle East region.

According to Merriam-Webster’s definition, war encompasses ‘A state of usually open and declared armed hostile conflict between states or nations,’ or ‘a state of hostility, conflict, or antagonism.’

While no nation has formally announced a declaration of war, the military operations conducted by Washington and Tel Aviv, along with Tehran’s response, satisfy these parameters. The Trump administration’s decision to launch attacks alongside Israeli leadership, resulting in significant destruction and loss of life, justifies characterizing these actions and Iran’s countermeasures as warfare. Trump has personally employed the term war when discussing this confrontation.

Accurate terminology matters when reporting on military confrontations between sovereign states.

Occasionally, unilateral strikes occur without subsequent escalation, or disputes begin but fail to intensify. Labeling such scenarios as ‘war’ might reduce the term’s gravity. Consequently, when genuine warfare emerges, audiences may fail to grasp its seriousness.

The Associated Press issued editorial guidance regarding Israel’s attacks on Iran in June 2025, adopting ‘war’ terminology to characterize the hostilities following initial strikes and Iranian retaliation. The 12-day conflict significantly damaged Iran’s aerial defense systems, military command structure, and nuclear capabilities through Israeli and American bombardments.

The news organization similarly adopted war terminology for the Russia-Ukraine conflict and Israel-Hamas fighting within days or weeks of combat initiation.

Editorial decisions in these instances weighed casualty figures, combat intensity, each nation’s participation level, and how countries themselves characterized their conflicts.

The Associated Press capitalizes ‘war’ exclusively when part of official designations, which currently don’t exist for this conflict.

AP’s war terminology decisions occur as events unfold. News leadership and standards editors continuously assess developments to determine if modifications are warranted.

Currently, the fighting level constitutes warfare between these nations, regardless of future developments. Should hostilities cease quickly, AP would maintain that these countries had engaged in war.

Two eyewitnesses confirmed on Sunday that an Israeli military attack targeted a medical facility located on Gandhi Street in Tehran, according to reports from Dubai.

The witnesses described extensive damage to the hospital building following the strike, with medical staff working to evacuate patients from the facility in the aftermath of the attack.

Currency markets opened Monday with significant shifts as investors responded to escalating Middle East tensions following weekend military operations between the United States, Israel, and Iran that resulted in the death of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

The Swiss franc and Japanese yen, both considered safe investments during times of uncertainty, strengthened as global markets reopened. Meanwhile, the euro declined 0.34% to $1.1776, down from approximately $1.18 during Friday’s late New York trading session. The European currency also dropped 0.5% against the Swiss franc to 0.9039, marking its weakest position since 2015.

The U.S. dollar weakened by 0.26% to 155.65 yen and fell 0.3% compared to the Swiss franc, though it gained ground against both the British pound and Australian dollar.

The military actions and subsequent Iranian counterattacks have created widespread concern throughout the Middle East region, impacting industries ranging from shipping and aviation to energy markets. Businesses operating in the Gulf region, a crucial global trade corridor, are bracing for potential disruptions and increased operational costs.

Energy market reactions will likely determine how stocks, bonds, and currencies respond to the unfolding situation in Iran going forward.

Market analysts anticipate oil prices will surge significantly when trading begins Monday, with over-the-counter markets already showing increases of approximately 10%. Gold, another traditional safe-haven investment, is expected to rise sharply while stock markets are projected to decline.

Regional stock exchanges felt the impact Sunday, with most Gulf markets falling and Boursa Kuwait halting operations entirely after Iranian retaliatory strikes targeted American installations in nearby Gulf cities, heightening concerns about extended regional conflict.

Currency markets were among the first to respond to weekend developments as investors worked to assess potential outcomes from the escalating situation.

“We see two scenarios: first, contained disruptions to global energy markets, with limited implications for the world economy. Second, a more protracted, broader conflict leading to an oil shock,” explained Lombard Odier chief economist Samy Chaar.

“We believe that the first case is playing out right now,” Chaar noted, while warning that in a more severe scenario, “commodities, bond yields, currencies, oil-sensitive equity sectors, inflation expectations, monetary policy paths – and in case of a protracted closure (of the Strait of Hormuz), economic growth – would all be affected.”

Brent crude oil prices jumped 8% to 10% higher at approximately $80 per barrel in over-the-counter trading Sunday, according to traders. Oil prices had already climbed Friday to $73, reaching their highest level since July.

Iran plays a significant role in global energy production and sits across from the oil-rich Arabian Peninsula, separated by the Strait of Hormuz. This strategic waterway handles roughly 20% of worldwide oil shipments.

President Donald Trump declared on Sunday through social media that American military forces are systematically destroying Iran’s naval fleet, claiming nine Iranian vessels have been eliminated with operations continuing against remaining ships.

The president’s statement came as Pentagon operations escalated against Iranian military targets, with B-2 stealth aircraft launching from United States bases to attack fortified underground missile installations using 2,000-pound ordnance.

According to Trump’s announcement, American strikes have also devastated Iran’s naval command center, causing extensive damage to the facility.

Iranian forces are responding with extensive missile and drone counterattacks, according to military officials. U.S. Central Command confirmed the first combat fatalities on Sunday, with three American service members killed and five others sustaining serious injuries during the ongoing conflict.

The president, who has stated his intention to completely eliminate Iran’s naval capabilities, predicted the destruction of all remaining Iranian warships.

“They will soon be floating at the bottom of the sea,” Trump stated.

“Other than that, their Navy is doing very well!” he added.

BERLIN – Germany has confirmed that Israel’s official government aircraft has been moved to Berlin’s airport as a security precaution, following joint U.S. and Israeli military operations that resulted in the death of Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei and escalated regional tensions.

According to German government officials, the aircraft left Israeli airspace Saturday afternoon and spent time circling over Mediterranean waters before making its way to Germany that evening, based on flight tracking data from Flightradar24.

German sources confirmed that Israeli authorities had pre-registered the flight and that the aircraft carried only flight crew during the journey to Berlin.

The relocated aircraft, known as the “Wing of Zion,” is Israel’s official state plane – a modified Boeing 767 that has been outfitted with specialized equipment for government operations and official diplomatic missions.

Venezuelan opposition figure Maria Corina Machado announced through social media posts on Sunday that she intends to head back to her homeland within the next few weeks.

The 58-year-old industrial engineer departed Venezuela in December to travel to Oslo where she accepted the Nobel Peace Prize. She is presently staying in the United States.

Questions about when Machado might return have intensified following the January 3 capture of former Venezuelan president Nicolas Maduro by U.S. authorities.

Venezuelan officials are currently investigating Machado, and Interim President Delcy Rodriguez has stated that she must “answer to Venezuela” regarding her backing of U.S. military intervention against Caracas.

BERLIN, March 1 — German Chancellor Friedrich Merz is urging the United States and European allies to begin developing comprehensive strategies for Iran’s future following military strikes that resulted in the death of the nation’s supreme leader.

Speaking to the press, Merz expressed his administration’s support for American objectives aimed at halting Tehran’s nuclear weapons development and bringing an end to what he described as Iran’s “destructive game” in the region, though he cautioned about potential consequences.

“This is not without risk. We do not know how far the region will be drawn into escalation by Iran’s harsh counterstrikes,” Merz warned during his remarks to journalists.

While acknowledging some concerns about the American and Israeli military actions, the German leader emphasized that criticism of allies was inappropriate at this time, despite existing doubts about the approach.

“We want to work with our partners in the U.S., Israel, the region, and Europe to develop an agenda for the day after,” Merz stated.

The Chancellor outlined four primary objectives for the post-strike period: maintaining regional peace and stability, compelling Iran to abandon its nuclear and ballistic missile programs, contributing to Iran’s stable future, and enabling the Iranian people to determine their own destiny.

Merz additionally announced that Germany would not permit any attacks against American or Israeli facilities within German borders.

A sailor lost his life when a suspected projectile struck an oil tanker sailing in waters off Oman, according to the vessel’s management company.

The incident occurred Friday when the Marshall Islands-registered tanker MKD VYOM was hit while navigating near the coast of Muscat, Oman, according to V.Ships Asia.

“The vessel suffered an explosion and subsequent fire after being struck by a suspected projectile while off the coast of Muscat, Oman on 1 March,” the shipping management firm stated.

The company confirmed the tragic loss of life in their official statement: “It is with great sadness that we confirm one crew member, who was in the engine room at the time of the incident, has died.”

The fatal strike occurred as the product tanker was conducting routine operations in the region’s shipping lanes.

WASHINGTON – President Donald Trump revealed Sunday that Iran’s newly configured leadership has expressed interest in opening dialogue with the United States, according to his recent interview with Atlantic magazine.

Speaking from his Florida home, Trump confirmed his willingness to engage in these discussions. “They want to talk, and I have agreed to talk, so I will be talking to them. They should have done it sooner. They should have given what was very practical and easy to do sooner. They waited too long,” the president stated during the interview.

The president did not provide details about which Iranian officials he would meet with or specify the timing of these potential conversations, whether they might occur Sunday or Monday.

The diplomatic opening comes as Iran undergoes a significant leadership transition. Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian announced that a temporary governing council has been established, consisting of himself, the head of the judiciary, and a representative from the influential Guardians Council. This arrangement was put in place following the death of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

Trump noted that previous diplomatic contacts have been disrupted by recent events, with some former negotiating partners no longer available.

“Most of those people are gone. Some of the people we were dealing with are gone, because that was a big — that was a big hit,” Trump explained to Atlantic writer Michael Scherer. “They should have done it sooner, Michael. They could have made a deal. They should’ve done it sooner. They played too cute.”

Digital warfare accompanied the recent joint United States-Israeli military operations against Iran, with cybersecurity specialists documenting widespread online attacks that occurred early Saturday morning.

The cyber offensive compromised several Iranian news platforms and infiltrated BadeSaba, a widely-used religious calendar application downloaded by more than 5 million people. The compromised app displayed threatening messages stating “It’s time for reckoning” while encouraging military personnel to abandon their weapons and side with civilians.

Attempts to reach BadeSaba’s top executive were unsuccessful, and US Cyber Command representatives have not yet provided comment on the situation.

Iran’s internet infrastructure suffered major disruptions, with connectivity plummeting dramatically at 7:06 AM GMT and again at 11:47 AM GMT, leaving only limited online access available, according to Doug Madory, who serves as director of internet analysis at Kentik and shared the information on X.

Security researcher and DarkCell cybersecurity firm founder Hamid Kashfi explained that targeting BadeSaba was strategically effective since government loyalists frequently use the application and typically hold stronger religious beliefs.

The Jerusalem Post reported Saturday that the digital operations also targeted various Iranian governmental services and military infrastructure to prevent a unified Iranian counterattack, though Reuters has been unable to independently confirm these reports.

“As Iran considers its options, the likelihood increases that proxy groups and hacktivists may take action, including cyberattacks, against Israeli and U.S.-affiliated military, commercial, or civilian targets,” warned Rafe Pilling, who directs threat intelligence at cybersecurity company Sophos.

Pilling noted that potential retaliation might involve republishing old data breaches as new incidents, basic attempts to infiltrate internet-connected industrial systems, and possibly direct offensive cyber operations.

Cynthia Kaiser, a former senior FBI cyber official now serving as senior vice president at anti-ransomware company Halcyon, reported increased Middle Eastern activity and observed calls to action from recognized pro-Iranian cyber operatives known for conducting hack-and-leak campaigns, ransomware deployments, and distributed denial-of-service attacks that overwhelm internet services.

CrowdStrike senior vice president of counter adversary operations Adam Meyers suggested the current digital activity might signal more aggressive future operations.

“CrowdStrike is already seeing activity consistent with Iranian-aligned threat actors and hacktivist groups conducting reconnaissance and initiating DDoS attacks,” Meyers stated.

Cybersecurity company Anomali reported in Saturday analysis shared with Reuters that Iranian state-sponsored hacking organizations had already begun executing “wiper” attacks designed to destroy data on Israeli targets before the military strikes occurred.

Despite US cyber officials frequently citing Iran alongside Russia and China as major threats to American digital infrastructure, Tehran’s past responses to attacks within its borders have been relatively restrained.

Following US strikes on Iranian nuclear facilities in June, there was minimal evidence of the disruptive cyber retaliation often associated with Iran’s digital warfare capabilities, except for brief service interruptions in Albania’s capital city of Tirana, according to media coverage.

MILAN (AP) — At Milan Fashion Week’s closing event Sunday, Silvana Armani stepped forward with understated assurance to debut her inaugural signature line, marking the first collection created independently of her legendary uncle Giorgio Armani’s guidance.

The runway show drew notable attendees including actress Andie MacDowell, 67, who occupied a front-row seat for this historic moment in the Giorgio Armani fashion empire’s evolution, coming after the founder’s passing on September 4 at 91 years old.

“One of the things that is really important to me is representing women of a certain age, and showing that we still are fashionable and powerful and strong, and we enjoy life and looking beautiful,” MacDowell expressed upon her arrival, dressed in a black Armani ensemble featuring an intricate three-dimensional rose accent.

“I love this because I was born Rosalie Anderson MacDowell, and I thought this suit was made for me. It makes me feel really elegant,” she added.

The upcoming fall and winter women’s line embodied the fashion house’s core principles through flowing silhouettes, minimalist design, and modern appeal. Accessories were deliberately sparse, featuring only pins displaying the Cancer zodiac symbol — a tribute to her uncle’s astrological sign.

The presentation began with pieces in sophisticated urban gray tones, enhanced by silk tops adorned with decorative scarf details at the neckline. Rich burgundy belts provided both visual interest and structure, while precisely cut knitwear with subtle necklines demonstrated refined restraint. Floor-length outerwear swept dramatically across the catwalk.

Following her uncle’s design philosophy, Silvana Armani centered the collection around expertly crafted yet comfortable blazers, incorporating quilted pieces inspired by Japanese aesthetics and vibrant shearling outerwear. These were paired with flowing pants, some featuring side pleating for added dimension. Crisp winter white trousers combined with high-necked silk blouses and sporty jackets conveyed an active sensibility, complemented by comfortable knits, crossbody bags, and tinted glasses.

The color scheme transitioned into rich burgundy and deep navy — positioned as the contemporary alternative to black. Luxurious velvet pieces enhanced with beaded details offered sophisticated comfort, while evening pieces showcased shimmering bodices designed to sit elegantly away from the wearer’s form.

Notably, even the more formal pieces were styled with practical crossbody bags, indicating that the Giorgio Armani customer leads an active lifestyle rather than passively awaiting evening events.

Following the presentation, Silvana Armani revealed that the collection featured pieces she personally would choose to wear.

“Working with fluidity and simplicity came naturally to me, because that’s how I am,” Armani explained, echoing her uncle’s signature style by taking her final bow in navy knitwear and trousers.

Earlier in the week on Thursday, Silvana Armani partnered with Leo Dell’Orco as the brand’s creative successors to preview a sharp Emporio Armani unisex collection.

The Armani Theater featured wooden flooring designed to evoke a music academy atmosphere, serving as inspiration for designs that blended British formality with Italian flair. Formal tailcoats and vests suggested theatrical performance, while denim elements provided contemporary edge and youthful appeal.

The presentation concluded with a memorable sequence of crisp white shirts and flawless formal wear, earning enthusiastic and sustained applause for the creative partnership.

Italian Olympic medalists occupied prominent seating, wearing EA7 Emporio Armani athletic gear designed for the February 6-22 Games.

DUBAI – Iranian counter-attacks throughout Gulf nations have created the most severe economic disruptions the region has experienced since COVID-19, shuttering airports, stopping port activities, and creating turmoil in financial markets.

The Iranian offensive, conducted in retaliation for a combined American-Israeli operation against Iran, impacted all major Gulf states – an area that has worked for decades to establish itself as among the globe’s most dependable commercial centers. The attacks resulted in three deaths in the United Arab Emirates, while residents of Dubai and Abu Dhabi reported hearing explosive sounds for a consecutive day on Sunday.

These attacks represent an unparalleled escalation for Dubai, a metropolis that built its contemporary reputation on remaining separate from regional warfare. Starting as a modest fishing community, Dubai transformed limited oil income into developing harbors, aviation facilities, and commercial districts before shifting focus in the 1990s toward high-end tourism, property development, and banking services.

Vijay Valecha, chief investment officer at Century Financial, explained the regional economic effects: “Regionally, the impact across (Gulf) economies is mixed.”

He continued: “Elevated oil prices provide a fiscal cushion for producers such as Saudi Arabia and Qatar, strengthening revenues and liquidity. However, trade, logistics and tourism, particularly in the UAE, would face pressure if shipping risks rise or regional sentiment weakens.”

FINANCIAL MARKETS TUMBLE

Regional stock exchanges experienced significant declines when Sunday trading commenced, with Saudi Arabia’s primary index falling over 4% at opening before recovering to close down 2.2%. Oman’s market finished 1.4% lower while Egypt dropped 2.5%, both recovering from steeper early losses. Kuwait’s stock exchange made the rare decision to halt all trading indefinitely. UAE financial markets, which remain closed Sundays, are scheduled to resume Monday.

Mohammed Ali Yasin, chief executive of Ghaf Benefits, a Lunate company in Abu Dhabi, commented on market conditions: “Markets will continue to be fragile and volatile as long as the military actions are active.”

Yasin added: “Usually in such events, the international institutional investors are the ones that put the selling pressures initially… while local ones try and soften the drops by picking the leading stocks.”

Iranian forces targeted aviation hubs, defense facilities, shipping ports, and hospitality venues throughout the Gulf region. Both Dubai International Airport and Abu Dhabi’s Zayed International Airport suffered infrastructure damage, resulting in one civilian death and 11 injuries between the two locations. A section of Dubai’s Jebel Ali Port ignited following aerial defense activities.

Major UAE corporations include property developer Emaar Properties and retail giant Majid Al Futtaim. The nation has increasingly attracted international hedge funds and major banking institutions seeking access to substantial sovereign wealth managed by organizations like ADIA and Mubadala.

RAMADAN BUSINESS DISRUPTIONS

The timing of these disruptions proves especially problematic for Gulf commercial activities. The strikes occurred during Ramadan, Islam’s sacred month, when business iftar and suhoor gatherings – the shared meals ending and starting daily fasting – represent crucial networking opportunities throughout the region.

Reuters obtained correspondence showing that events organized by Dubai airline Emirates, Abu Dhabi renewable energy company Masdar, Mubadala, education provider GEMS, and the Department of Government Enablement have been canceled or delayed.

In a region where personal relationships form the foundation of commercial transactions, losing Ramadan’s networking period creates additional, though less apparent, economic damage beyond the visible disruption already occurring.

Attacks also struck residential neighborhoods near Dubai Marina and Palm Jumeirah, igniting the Fairmont The Palm hotel and causing damage to the Burj Al Arab. The Fairmont had recently been purchased for $325 million by Kuwait’s Arzan Investment Management – a transaction viewed as indicating rising Gulf hospitality market demand – making this damage a prominent symbol of the impact on the region’s thriving tourism sector.

The United States, United Kingdom, and European Union released revised travel warnings for Gulf nations following the attacks, recommending citizens use extreme caution and avoid unnecessary travel. Critical transportation airports, including those in Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and Qatar’s Doha, were either closed or operating under severe restrictions Sunday as most regional airspace remained inaccessible.

International company employees are anticipated to follow local guidance regarding remote work arrangements in upcoming days. The UAE federal labor authority recommended companies establish work-from-home policies through March 3, encouraging them to keep employees away from outdoor locations, except for essential positions requiring on-site presence.

According to sources speaking with Agri-Pulse, Luke Lindberg, who currently holds the position of undersecretary for trade and foreign agricultural affairs at the U.S. Department of Agriculture, is being considered as a top candidate to lead the United Nations World Food Program as its executive director.

The UN World Food Program holds the distinction of being the planet’s most extensive humanitarian aid agency.

WASHINGTON – The Pentagon announced Sunday that American forces have destroyed an Iranian naval vessel and are demanding that Iran’s military personnel abandon their positions.

U.S. Central Command, which is directing current American military operations against Iran, reported that it destroyed a Jamaran-class corvette belonging to Iran’s navy. The vessel was struck while docked at a pier in Chah Bahar in the Gulf of Oman.

In a statement posted on social media platform X, Central Command reinforced President Donald Trump’s Saturday message to Iranian forces. “As the President said, members of Iran’s armed forces, IRGC and police ‘must lay down your weapons.’ Abandon ship,” the command stated.

Multiple oil tankers were struck and damaged in Persian Gulf waters following military exchanges between the United States, Israel, and Iran, according to shipping industry officials and maritime security sources who reported the incidents Sunday.

Commercial vessel traffic faces dramatically heightened dangers in the region over the past day, with shipping data revealing more than 200 ships – including oil and liquefied gas carriers – have anchored near the Strait of Hormuz and adjacent waters.

Iranian authorities have declared the vital shipping corridor closed to navigation.

Jakob Larsen, who serves as chief safety and security officer for shipping organization BIMCO, warned that recent military actions have created severe risks for maritime operations.

“The U.S.-Israeli attack on Iran dramatically increases the security risk to ships operating in the Persian Gulf and adjacent waters,” Larsen stated.

“Ships with business connections to U.S. or Israeli interests are more likely to be targeted, but other ships may also be targeted deliberately or in error,” he added.

Among the damaged vessels, a Palau-flagged oil tanker under U.S. sanctions was struck Sunday near Oman’s Musandam peninsula, leaving four crew members injured, according to that nation’s maritime security center. Officials did not identify what struck the ship.

The Marshall Islands-flagged crude carrier MKD VYOM also took a projectile hit while carrying cargo off Oman’s coastline, maritime security sources confirmed Sunday. The vessel was struck approximately 44.4 nautical miles northwest of Muscat, according to one source.

Britain’s maritime agency UKMTO reported that a loaded merchant ship experienced an explosion in the same area.

A separate tanker docked at the United Arab Emirates’ Jebel Ali port narrowly avoided damage from falling debris during an aerial interception following overnight Iranian strikes on Gulf nations, maritime security sources reported.

A third oil-bunkering vessel sustained damage off the UAE coastline, shipping sources confirmed.

The U.S. Department of Transportation’s Maritime Administration issued guidance Saturday urging ships to avoid the Strait of Hormuz and broader Gulf of Oman region due to potential Iranian retaliation.

“Any U.S.-flagged, owned or crewed commercial vessels that are operating in these areas should maintain a standoff of 30 nautical miles from U.S. military vessels to reduce the risk of being mistaken as a threat,” the advisory stated.

Security sources also warned of possible mine deployment by Iranian forces in the narrow shipping channels within the Strait of Hormuz.

Two U.S. officials previously told Reuters in July that Iranian military forces had placed naval mines on vessels in the Persian Gulf during June, raising concerns in Washington about potential blockade preparations for the strait.

Maritime industry sources anticipate significant increases in war risk insurance premiums when underwriters reassess coverage Monday.

War risk insurance becomes mandatory when vessels enter dangerous zones, and Lloyd’s of London market has already designated Iran, the Gulf region, and portions of the Gulf of Oman as high-risk areas.

Dylan Mortimer from insurance brokerage Marsh projected substantial rate hikes ahead.

“We would estimate that near-term rate increases for marine hull insurance in the Gulf could range from 25% to 50%,” Mortimer said.

DUBAI, March 1 – When Iran launched hundreds of drones and missiles toward Gulf nations in response to American and Israeli military actions, Dubai residents found themselves witnessing something many thought impossible in their adopted safe haven.

Social media influencer Hofit Golan captured the shock felt by many as she filmed smoke billowing from an explosion near Palm Jumeirah, the artificial island that represents Dubai’s luxury lifestyle.

“Oh my god … this is the view from my balcony,” Golan said with evident disbelief in her voice. “This is in front of my home. Oh my god,” she shared with her millions of online followers.

For years, Dubai has attracted residents fleeing regional conflicts and Westerners seeking low taxes and stability, all viewing the emirate as insulated from Middle Eastern turmoil.

That perception suffered a major blow when Iranian projectiles caused damage at Dubai’s most recognizable landmarks, despite most being successfully intercepted by defense systems.

The affected locations included the iconic Burj Al Arab hotel and Palm Jumeirah, where luxury resorts and upscale residences house many social media personalities who shared their panoramic views of the attack.

RESIDENTS DESCRIBE FEAR

Dubai-based trader Daniel Holmes, who has a substantial Instagram presence, said missile interceptions woke him and were visible from his apartment.

“All the locals are like ‘nah bro you’ve got nothing to worry about, it’s all good,’” Holmes posted online. “I’m like … there is genuine war around where you live here in Dubai. I’ve never dealt with that before.”

Similar conversations occurred throughout the city, which serves as the Middle East’s primary commercial and tourist center. While some residents discussed temporary departures, others maintained confidence in the UAE’s security capabilities.

Foreign nationals comprise approximately 90% of the UAE’s population.

A Western mother with two elementary-age children described feeling unsettled after hearing multiple explosions in rapid succession.

“They are really keeping us on our toes,” she messaged Reuters. “It’s almost as if their only purpose is to maintain the panic and fear.”

Another Dubai resident with experience in previous Middle Eastern wars said he never anticipated hearing drone interceptions in the UAE.

“I was not mentally prepared. I was terrified, I was actually (hiding) in the bathroom,” he said, requesting anonymity due to Dubai’s restrictive media policies.

However, Yamen Fadel, a 36-year-old Syrian living in Dubai, expressed confidence in government protection and communication efforts.

“I am seeing that there’s nothing much, just a few minor things,” Fadel said. “Nothing scary … because the government here, thank God, is protecting everyone.”

Dubai’s media office announced Saturday that outdated fire footage was circulating on social platforms and warned of legal consequences for sharing such material.

Several influencers reportedly removed their initial posts about the incidents.

CITY SHOWS STRAIN

By Sunday, as Iran’s retaliation expanded throughout the Gulf region, Dubai appeared noticeably quieter than usual, with typically congested weekend roads showing sparse traffic in many areas. The UAE’s human resources ministry advised private sector remote work through Tuesday.

Numerous small neighborhood businesses including barbershops, convenience stores, and local service providers remained closed.

Residents reported extended supermarket lines, delayed grocery deliveries, and unusually empty store shelves.

Social media platforms saw heated exchanges about emergency stockpiling.

“STOP! You are leaving no essentials for others,” one user wrote in a Dubai residents’ Facebook group.

“My husband was in the queue at are (sic) local shop and the person in front of him had 15 baguettes in their trolley, and there was absolutely no meat left,” another posted.

A third user responded: “During the war there are no rules. Each one for himself.”

Dubai’s leadership projected normalcy and continuity.

Saturday evening saw the emirate’s ruler attending Dubai’s premier horse racing event, Emirates Super Saturday, which state media described as “a special evening marked by thrilling races and strong competition.”

But Robyn, a British tourist who had stayed at the Fairmont Hotel earlier in the week before it sustained damage Saturday, said the attacks provided perspective.

“I always thought in the back of my mind that something will kick off someday and spread to the UAE and surrounding areas,” she said.

“But the fact that it happened is definitely very grounding, and you realize that not all that glitters is gold.”

A commercial ship traveling in waters off the United Arab Emirates was hit by an unidentified projectile on Sunday, according to maritime security officials.

The incident occurred approximately 17 nautical miles northwest of Mina Saqr port in the UAE’s Ras Al Khaimah emirate, the United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations agency reported.

The impact from the mysterious projectile sparked a fire aboard the vessel, but crew members were able to successfully extinguish the blaze, UKMTO officials stated. Despite the attack, the ship’s operators indicated they plan to proceed with their planned route.

The nature and origin of the projectile that struck the vessel remains unknown at this time.